Charles+I+of+Spain

By: Belén Vidal, Claudia Forte, Gloria Castillo, Jacqueline Vallejo and Raúl López

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Charles I was born during a party in [|flandes], 1500, when his mother went to the bath she gave birth to him without any help. Before he was two years old, he became duke of [|luxembourg], and his father, [|Philip "The Handsome"] and [|Louis II] arranged his marriage with Claudia, Louis II's daughter, but in the end he got married with his cousin [|Isabel of Portugal]. When his father died, his mother became mad, so he received the Crown of Castile. He also received the [|Low Countries], but he couldn't rule any of those, because he was too young. He becabe out of age at 15 years old. In 1526, Charles married with his cousin, Isabel of Portugal, and he had some descendants: Phillip II of Spain, Mery of Habsbourg, Ferdinand, Joana of Austria, and Juan. He died in Spain, the 24 of September, 1558.
 * __ HIS LIFE: __**


 * __ Family __**

Charles I's parents were [|Joanna "The Mad" of Castile], whose parents were the [|Catholic Monarchs], Isabelle of Castile and Ferdinand of Aragón; and [|Philip "The Handsome" of Castile], whose parents were [|Maximiliam I of the Holy Roman Empire] and [|Mary the Duchess of Burgundy]. As his paternal grandparents, Maximiliam I and Mary of Burgundy, ruled over the Holy Roman Empire and Burgundy, he was born and lived during his childhood in [|Flanders]. But after that he inherited the Hispanic Empire so he went to Spain and lived there during the rest of his life.

Charles I of Spain got married with Isabella of Portugal, his cousin, who was the heir of Portugal, because of that the Hispanic Empire owned Portugal during Charles I of Spain reign. They had several children but some of them didn't even reach adulthood or died very young: - Philip II (1527- 1598) he inherited the Spanish throne and ruled over the Hispanic Empire until his death. He married four times: with Maria of Portugal, Mary I of England, Isabel de Valois and with Anne of Austria. -Maria of Habsburg (1528- 1603), she married his cousin, Maximiliam II of The Holy Roman Empire. -Joan of Austria (1535- 1573), she got married with Juan Manuel of Portugal. -John, who died before adulthood. -Ferdinand, who died before adulthood.

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=**__Relationship between Charles I and Spain:__**=

[|Charles I of Spain] was the king of Spain under the name of Charles I, because he also was the emperor of [|the Holy Roman Empire]. He inherited the Spanish throne on the part of his motehr, [|Joanna I], but was his maternal grandfather, [|Ferdinand of Aragon], which signed the final testament in which it was nominating General Governor and Administrator of the [|Kingdom of Castille] and [|Kingdom os Aragon] , in the name of his daughter Joanna, because she was incapacitated by her disease to govern. Also, on the part of his maternal grandparents, [|the Catholic Monarchs], he inherited Naples, Sicily, the Indies and the Canaries.

When his maternal grandfather died, who was who governed until Charles I had enough age to be king, [|the Cardinal Cisneros] would governed in the absence until Charles came from [|Flandes]. When Charles came to Spain in 1517, advised by his Flemish counselors, he thought of taking the king's title. So, after a long process that lasted four years, Charles I of Spain was the first monarch that governed the Crowns of [|Castile], [|Aragon] and [|Navarre].


 * __ Foreign policy __**

Charle´s main objective was to rule under Catholicsm.So he had a lot of problems with the Low countries because they were protestants.But this was not one of his more important problems.He had to expell the from the Iberian Peninsulan in 1550.Years later the Turks tried to conquered Hungary and he,as king of Germany had to defend it. In the XVI century Spain have a lot of problems with France,due to the Habsburg-Valois Wars.He tried and finally he conquered Italy.

At this time expeditions were taking part in America under the Aztecs and Itaca Empires. It was consideredan extension of Spain, ther created the Council of the Indiesin America and the Casa de Contratación, so in this was both countries could be comunicated.




 * __ Domestic policy __**

Charles V inherited the states of the Hapsburgs and was crowned emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and he became the most powerful emperor in Europe. In Spain the [|Revolt of the Comuneros] began because Castile was governed by strangers from the [|Low Countries]. The Comuneros were defeated and their leaders were executed. During this revolt, the [|Kingdom of Navarre] revolted for trying to become independent again in 1521. Later in Levante, a new problem started. It was the [|Revolt of the Germanies, Christian Brotherhoods], against the nobles and their privileges. They were also defeated. With Spain without any problem, it should provide money to mantain the empire. The government of Spain was divided into different Councils that were composed by people elected by the king which discussed about different topics. They were very powerful but they were under the king's power. The Councils were: - The Council of Castile: it was the most important Council in Spain. It directed Castile during some time. - The Council of State: The Council of State: it was used for discussing about the foreign policy in the Reign. The king ruled under this Council because it had no president. - The Council of Aragon: it was ruled by Charles V's Vice Chancellor. It directed Aragon. - [|The Tribunal of the Holy Office of the Inquisition]: it was used for mantaining Catholic orthodoxy in Spain. It was under the king's power. - [|The Council of the Orders]: it was formed by the Knights of the Orders. Charles V used the Council to reduce the privileges that they had. - [|The Council of the Indies]. it was composed by a president, a chancellor, twelve directors and some specific positions of the Council of the Indies. It ruled over the possesions in America. - [|The Council of the Crusade]: it was formed by a president, two counselors from the Council of Castile and a counselor of the Council of the Indies. It managed the Papal bulls and subsidies. - [|The Council of Farm]: it was formed by three counselors and four assistants. It was in charge of the economy of the other councils.

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