Sofía+del+Barrio-Webquest

1. What marks the differences between a civil and a religious building? The difference is what they were built for; the civil buildings were built for the kings and queens to live in them and the religious buildings were built for religious ceremonies, such as weddings or baptisms.

2. Make a list of the most important civil buildings and another of the most important religious buildings in the city that you can still see today.

Important civil buildings: -La Plaza Mayor -Museo de San Isidro -Palacio de los Consejos -La casa y Torre de los Lujanes

Important religious buildings: -Monasterio e Iglesia de San Jerónimo el Real -Colegio Imperial de los Jesuitas Parroquia de San Ginés -Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo -Basílica de San Miguel -Basílica de San Andrés -Capilla del Obispo -Capilla de San Isidro

3. What function did the civil buildings have? What wer e they used for? -La Plaza Mayor:It was the place where the main market of the town was located, and it was also the scenary of many public acts,such as bullfighting, autos de fe (public manifestations of the inquisition), and it was also a square of arms and scene of public executions. -Museo de San Isidro:It was built by the family of Lujanes for living there. It was used for p olitical events, international embassies.. -Palacio de los Consejos: It was used as a residence of Royal people, Coutiers and nobles linked to the service of the king. -La Casa y Torre de los Lujanes: It was the place where the family of Lujanes lived, and then it was chosen to place one optical telegraph station because it was one of the tallest buildings in Madrid.

4. What function did the religious buildings have? What were they used for?

-Monasterio e Iglesia de San Jerónimo el Real:At the beggining it was built for the monks of San Jeronimo order, and then, when they were translated, it was used by the Royal family as a place of relax and meditation. It was also used as a place for celebrating weddings, and it is still used for that in the present. -Colegio imperial de los jesuitas: children of the nobilty were formed there, such as Francisco Quevedo or Lope de Vega. -Parroquia de San Ginés: This was the place were the people of the Arenal street prayed. -Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo:It was used to pray in it. -Basílica de San Miguel: It is used to hold weddings, baptisms, communions, any kind of religious celebrations. -Basílica de San Andrés: it is the most ancient parish in Madrid. It was used to pray, and it was created in honor of Sant Andres. -Capilla del Obispo: It was built to keep the rests of Sant Isidro. -Capilla de San Isidro:It was used to keep the rests of Sant Isidro. Nowadays it is used as a church where people go to pray.

5. Who ordered and paid for the construction of the civil buildings? Why?

-La Plaza Mayor: Philip III ordered to construct it to Diego Sillero. He wanted to use it as a market. -Museo de San Isidro: The Lujanes family ordered to construct it, to live in it because it was in the centre of the city. -Palacio de los Consejos: It was built by Christopher Gomez de Sandoval-Rojas, first Duke of Uceda, powerful favorite of Philip III. -La Casa y Torre de los Lujanes: Alvaro Lujan ordered to construct this house in 1494. He wanted the house to be the residence of the Lujanes family.

6. Who ordered and paid for the construction of the religious buildings? Why?

-Monasterio e Iglesia de San Jerónimo el Real: It was ordered to construct by Enrique IV in 1464. -Colegio Imperial de los Jesuitas: It was ordered to built by the Count of Fair. -Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo:  It was rebuilt in the early seventeenth century by the archbishop of Brindisi, Lorenzo Reinoso. -Basílica de San Miguel:Luis Jaime of Bourbon and Farnesio, archbishop of Toledo ordered its construction. -Capilla del Obispo: King Alfonso VIII ordered to construct it. -Capilla de San Isidro: It is very old, so we don't know who ordered to construct it.

Considering the buildings that you have studied, write a small composition (20 lines) in which you explain: 1. In what ways society organized in Madrid during the Modern Age? 2. What did the people who built the buildings hope to show with their structures? 3. What role did religion play in 16th and 17th century society? Was it a private and personal matter? Or, was it related to social status?

Society in the Middle Ages was organised into three estates; the clergy, the nobles and the peasants: On the one hand we have the clergy and the nobles which had a lot of money, and they had some privileges,such as that they didn't pay taxes. On the other hand, we have the peasants, which were the majority of the people. They were poor and they had to pay taxes, which were usually very high and unfair, but as the one who decided about the taxes was the king, they couldn't do nothing. The clergy and the nobles were very rich, so they spent huge sums of money building palaces in the centre of the cities, with lots and lots of rooms, and with a lot of servants. They built spectacular palaces to show that they were rich, and that they could afford it. One example of this is the Museo de San Isidro, which was built by the Lujanes family to live in it, because it was in the centre of the city. The church also used to built impresive churches and monasteries, such as the Monastery of San Jerónimo el Real. Religion in the 16th and 17th centuries was for a lot of people a social matter more that a personal matter. A lot of religious people such as bishops or monks didn't even believe in God, they just wanted to be rich and to have a high social status, and they built spectacular chuches to impress the people. They also put high taxes for the people, which weren't fair, because the peasants lived under harsh conditions while they had a good quality of life. This doesn't mean that all the religious people thought like that; the faith of some of them probably was real.