WEBQUEST+BY+SAAD+MUHAMMAD.

This page has been created by SAAD MUHAMMAD.

ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS OF WEB QUEST. 1. What marks the differences between a civil and a religious building? 1.The difference between a civil building and a religious building is that the civil building is used for the meetings of kings,nobles etc and the religious buildingis used for praying ,celebrating religious cermonies or special events.

2. Make a list of the most important civil buildings and another of the most important religious buildings in the city that you can still see today.

2.CIVIL BUILDINGS: - Palace of the councils. - Plaza mayor. - San Isidro museum - The House and Tower Lujanes.

RELIGOUS BUILDINGS: - Chapel of Obispos. - Basilica of San Andres. - Basilica of San Miguel. - Church of San Pedro El Viejo. - Chapel of San Isidro. - Empire School of The Jesuits.

Civil Buildings: Plaza Mayor: -During the middle ages the site was just a market place outside the city walls. In the 1560s, King Philip II asked Juan de Herrera, architect of the Escorial, to turn the market place into a real square. It would take until 1617, during the reign of King Philips III, before the construction of the new Plaza Mayor started. Under the direction of Herrera's successor.Since its creation, the Plaza Mayor has been the center of festivities, bull fights, royal coronations and executions. These would be attended by as many as 50,000 spectators. It is still used today for public celebrations

Palace Of The Councils: -San Isidro was born in Madrid in 1082 and died in 1172. Legend has it that while the saint was praying, two angels ploughed the land for him. Amongst the miracles attributed to him, hagiographers say that once when he was building a well, his son fell in; but through his mediation he was miraculously brought back to the parapet when the water level rose causing the child to float. Tradition also tells that San Isidro miraculously made a spring gush by banging the ground while he was ploughing. A hermitage dedicated to the saint was built on this spot in 1528, ordered by the Empress Isabel, after Prince Felipe came back into health by drinking water from the spring. Later, Baltasar de Zúñiga, Marquess of Valero, built the current day hermitage, with a single nave and a dome. In 1811 the Sacramental Cemetery San Isidro was built on the apse.

The House And The Tower Lujanes: - The Casa and Torre de los Lujanes in the Plaza de la Villa in the west of Madrid is among the oldest buildings in the city. The house and tower (Casa and Torre) actually date from different periods. The tower is the oldest structure. It dates from the early 15th century, while the house dates from the late 15th century. The family of Alvaro de Lujan commissioned the complex surrounding the original house in 1494. The present day name for the group of structures takes its name from this family. The properties remained within the family for some 200 years. The buildings were constructed in the Mudéjar style, which is a strongly Muslim-influenced style of architecture that came into being around the 12th century in Spain. The tower may have been home to King Francis I of France for a short while sometime after 1525. There is no real historical evidence to back this up, other than a persistent oral tradition. The French king was captured during the Battle of Pavia in 1525. He was imprisoned by Carlos V (Charles I of Spain), possibly in Torre de los Lujanes for a time. The tradition says that when the king of France refused to kneel or bow to the Spanish king to show respect, Carlos had the door to the tower lowered to the point where Francis I was forced to bend over, effectively bowing, in order to enter the building. The Spanish king waiting inside then considered the forced bowing action of entry by the French king to be him submitting and showing respect before the Spanish royal personage.

Religios Buildings: -Chapel of Obispos: The chapel was built on land that belonged to Mission San Miguel. After secularization of the missions in the 1830s and 1840s, land grants were given to prominent citizens, with Rancho Santa Rosa going Don Julian Estrada and Rancho San Simeon to Don Jose Ramon Estrada.

-San Pedro El Viejo: San Pedro, whichever description it is given, is Madrid's second oldest church. It dates from the late 11th century, or early 12th century, though much of the building was renovated in the 17th and 19th centuries.The church contains the tombs of both Kings Alfonso I, and Ramiro II. San Pedro has an impressive statue of Jesus known as Jesús el Pobre, or Jesus the Poor. The statue, by Juan Astorga, was sculpted in Seville in the late eighteenth century. In 1812 it was moved to Madrid and its current location in San Pedro. The statue of Jesus the Poor is exhibited each Holy Thursday during the Semana Santa or Holy Week, Easter processions in Madrid.San Pedro church lies a short distance southwest of Madrid's Plaza Mayor.

-Chapel of San Isidro: La capilla es el único resto que ha quedado de la Iglesia de San Andrés incendiada en 1936. Fue construida en el siglo XVII por el arquitecto José de Villarreal para albergar los restos de San Isidro. El ladrillo es el material más utilizado, las esquinas están reforzadas por columnas de piedra, se remata con un entablamento decorado con modillones. Al exterior destaca la cúpula, apoyada en un tambor octogonal, de ladrillo, decorada con hornacinas que albergan las estatuas de los doce Apóstoles y los Cuatro Evangelistas. Recientemente ha sido restaurada por el arquitecto Javier Vallés.