Jacqueline+Vallejo-webquest

Jacqueline Vallejo-webquest

The differences between a civil and a religious building are the type of people who use it or pays for it such as the Pope, the bishops, the nobles and the Royal Family, and its functions such as celebrating mas or religious ceremonies, meeting and official events.
 * 1. What marks the differences between a civil and a religious building?**


 * 2. Make a list of the most important civil buildings and another of the most important religious buildings in the city that you can still see today.

__Civil buildings:__** - Plaza Mayor - Alcazar Real - Museo de San Isidro - Casa y torre de los Lujanes - Palacio de los consejos

__**Religious buildings:**__ - Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo - Parroquia de San Ginés - Monasterio de San Jerónimo el Real - Basílica de San Miguel - Capilla del Obispo - Capilla de San Isidro


 * Answer the following questions for each of the buildings that you mention on your list.

3. What function did the civil buildings have? What were they used for?** The functions of the civil buildings were to be the residences of the nobility, kings, rich and powerfull people. __ **Plaza Mayor:** __ It was used to made public acts such as bullfighting, but it was used as a place to put the market too. __**Alcazar Real:**__ It was built in the nine century, it was the residence of the king Charles I until Phillip V, later each king added new things. __ **Palacio de los consejos** __**:** It was used as a residence from the people of the Court, it was used by the royal treasury too.
 * __Museo de San Isidro__:** It was used as a place to live at first, but later they change it into a museum.
 * __Casa y torre de los Lujanes__:** It was the house of the family Los Lujanes.

Their function are to give mass, eventually weddings or baptisms.´ They are used for pray, go to talk with priests, or make weddings or baptism.
 * 4. What function did the religious buildings have? What were they used for?**


 * 5. Who ordered and paid for the construction of the civil buildings? Why?**

__**Alcazar Real:**__ The dinasty of the trastamara ordered to made it and they paid it too. Enrique III made some changes in the palace, also Juan II added some things and later, Charles I that made an ampliation of the palace. __**Museo de San Isidro:**__ It was paid by the lujan family for them to live there.
 * __Plaza Mayor:__** It was ordered to built and paid by Phillip III. The Arco de los cuchilleros that its situated in the square, was done by Juan de Villlanueva. The statue of Phillip III that is situated in the centre of the square, was made by Juan de Bolina but it was finished by Pietro Tacca.
 * __Casa y torre de los Lujanes:__** It was paid by Alvaro Lujan to live in Madrid.
 * __Palacio de los consejos__:** It was paid by the first Duke of Uceda to use it as a residence

They ordered to built and paid its because they wanted more power, popularity and for their own interest.


 * 6. Who ordered and paid for the construction of the religious buildings? Why?**

__**Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo:**__ It was build by Lorenzo Reinoso. __**Capilla de San Isidrio:**__ We didn't no very well who ordered to build it,but later José de Villareal became the boss of the project.
 * __Parroquia de San Ginés:__** It was ordered to built by José Luis Marín, this was build to the habitants of Calle Arenal have a place to pray.
 * __Monasterio e Iglesia de San Jeronimo el Real:__** Enrique IV was the person who founded it. The Royal Family used it as a place of retirement, relaxion and meditation.
 * __Basilica de San Miguel:__** They ordered it construction Luis Jaime of Bourbon and Farnesio and archbishop of Toledo. It was built for the Spanish martyrs.
 * __Capilla del Obispo:__** It was ordered to build by the King Alfonso VIII, to deposite the San Isidro Labrador remains.

They ordered to built and paid for its because they wanted to be more closed to God and for spread religion.

__**Big Question:**__

1. In what ways society organized in Madrid during the Modern Age?** In the Modern Age, society was organized in the Feudal System as in the Middle Ages. It consisted on three states: the first state, the nobles, the second states,the clergy, and the third states, the peasants and workers. This last state was divide into the bourgeoisie and the workers and peasants. The bourgeosie was a new class people that were rich merchants, bussiness bankers or rich people. The first and the second states were the privileges states, this meant that they don’t pay taxes, can take decisions in politic, have the higher work positions and the third states pay taxes for them, but the third states weren’t privileges, so they have to pay taxes to the clergy, called tithe, and to the nobles and they can’t take decisions in politics. So, the economic of the society were very irregulier and this did that the nobles and the clergy, that had most of the money, pay for monuments and buildings to show their wealthy, their importance, the place that they were from, their power, they and all the people that watch its. Because the taxes that the third states had to pay to the clergy and because the people in this time were very religious, clergy received each time more and more money, turning it in a wealthy and powerful state. So they wanted that all persons show their power, this way that they started by their buildings that were built with expensive materials, like the Chapel of San Isidro and later kings or rich people paid for its, that this means that religion wasn’t a private and personal matter.
 * Considering the buildings that you have studied, write a small composition (20 lines) in which you explain:
 * 2. What did the people who built the buildings hope to show with their structures?**
 * 3. What role did religion play in 16th and 17th century society? Was it a private and personal matter? Or, was it related to social status?**