Andres+Savchynets-webquest

=Responses to the webquest= by:Andres Savchynets
 * 1. What marks the differences between a civil and a religious building?**

The civil buildings where places were the rich and powerfull people lived. The kings olso lives in the civil buildings.Same important mettengs take place there. The religious buildings were for pray and religious ceremonies. Also the people who used that buildings the religious were used by bishops, monks, etc. And civil by normal people.


 * 2. Make a list of the most important civil buildings and another of the most important religious buildings in the city that you can still see today.**


 * __The civil buildings__:**
 * -Alcazar Real
 * -Plaza Mayor
 * -Museo de San Isidro
 * -Palacio de los Consejos
 * -Casa y Torre de los Lujanes


 * __The religious buildings:__**
 * - Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo
 * - Parish of San Miguel
 * - Capilla del Obispo
 * - Capilla de San Isidro
 * - Parroquia de San Ginés
 * -Colegio Imperial de Los Jesuitas
 * -Monasterio de San Jerónimo el Real
 * -Basílica de San Andrés


 * Answer the following questions for each of the buildings that you mention on your list.

3. What function did the civil buildings have? What were they used for?** they were built to be used like the residences of the nobility, kins and rich and powerfull people
 * - Casa y Torre de los Lujanes: It was the house where the family of the Lujanes used to live.
 * - Museo de San Isidro: It was built for the family of the Lujanes as their house. They used it for weddings or political events.
 * - La Plaza Mayor: It was built for public events, such as bullfighting, public executions, or "faith acts" where the Inquisition showed its power. It was also used as a street market, where people put their shops.
 * - Palacio de los Consejos: At first it was built as the house for the Dukes of Uceda, but their son died, so they didn't see it finished, so it was used by the Royal Treasury, and as the residence of people from the court, or anyone who was linked to the king.


 * 4. What function did the religious buildings have? What were they used for?**

The religious buildings were built for praying, giving masses or worshiping the remainds of a saint.


 * - Capilla del Obispo: It was built to keep the rests of San Isidro Labrador, so that way people could go to worship his remainds.
 * - Iglesia de San Jerónimo el Real: The monastery was built for the monks, although the Catholic Monarchs kept it as their residence, so the monks were moved to another convent. Anyway, only the church remainds, which was used for praying, and for giving masses.
 * - Parroquia de San Ginés: It was built for the people in the Arenal street, so that they could have a place to pray.
 * - Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo: It was used for praying and to give the masses.
 * - Capilla de San Isidro: It was built to keep the rests of San Isidro, so then people could go and pray for him.
 * - Parish of San Miguel: It was built for the Spanish martyrs, it was used for praying worship, and giving masses.


 * 5. Who ordered and paid for the construction of the civil buildings? Why?**
 * - La Plaza Mayor: Philip II ordered its construction because it was the place where all the trading roads finished, so it was a very crowded place.
 * - Palacio de los Consejos: Christopher Gómez de Sandoval-Rojas, the Duke of Uceda, Philip III valido, ordered its construction, to use it as their residence.
 * - Casa y Torre de los Lujanes: Álvaro Lujan ordered its construction, he was a rich merchant, part of the family of the Lujanes. Because he wanted to live in Madrid.
 * -Museo de San Isidro: The Lujan Family ordered the construction of this building, because they wanted a house in the middle of the city, as that showed their wealthy, as only a few very rich families could lived in the centre.


 * 6. Who ordered and paid for the contruction of the religious buildings? Why?**


 * - Capilla del Obispo: It was ordered by king Alfonso VIII. Because they needed a place to keep the rests of San Isidro Labrador.
 * - Iglesia de San Jerónimo el Real: Enrique IV ordered its construction, and it was moved to Madrid with the consentiment of the Catholic Monarchs. Anyway, only the Church remainds. Because they wanted to build a monastery for the monks.
 * - Capilla de San Isidro: As it is very old we can't know who ordered its construction,but we know that it was mainly paid by the viceroyalties of Peru and Mexico. It was later rebuilt.
 * - Parish of San Miguel: Luis Jaime of Bourbon and Farnesio, archbishop of Toledo ordered its construstion. It was built for the Spanish martyrs.
 * - Parroquia de San Ginés: The inhabitants of the Arenal street needed a palce to pray, so Jose Luis Marín ordered its construction.
 * - Iglesia de San Pedro el Viejo: Its construction was orderer by the archbishop of Brindis, Lorenzo Reinoso.


 * Considering the buildings you have studied write an small composition (20 lines) in which you explain:**

1. In what ways was society organized in Madrid during the Modern Age? 2. What did the people who built the buildings hope to show with their structures? 3. What role did religion play in 16th and 17th century society? W​as it a private and and personal matter? Or was it related with social status?

During the Modern Age society was organized in the Feudal Systembut at the end that system dissapeared, as in the Middle Ages, it consisted on three different estates: the clergy, the nobles and the peasants. The clergy and the nobles were privileged estates, which meant that they held the higher positions in politics, and in society, and they didn’t have to pay taxes. But the peasants did have to pay taxes and weren’t privileged and lived under harsh conditions. The clergy were especially powerful. Just having a religious title was something that situated you in a higher social estate. That meant that you were wealthier than current people. And they wanted to show it, starting by their buildings, their houses or even their churches. The residences of rich families, the kings and members of the Court, were huge buildings, palaces with lots of rooms. These buildings were built with expensive and elegant materials, with many figures, statues, and decorations all over them. The religious buildings, such as churches or monasteries, were similar to the civil ones, for example, the Monastery of San Jerónimo el Real was used at first for the monks, but then the Royal family wanted to use it as their house, where they could rest, and expend their free time. With this example. Churches were like all the buildings mentioned. They were very ostentatious with big frescos or statues,icons, they were huge, with tall towers and vaults. Most of the churches in Madrid that were built during the reign of the Austrian Kings were paid and its construction was ordered by kings or rich and influent people, such as archbishops or rich families. In this way, with these exaggerated churches, religion was not a private matter but showing your devotion to everyone was sociable accepted. Religion was very important the pope hd more power than the king the church was very rich becouse of the tithe an taxes. It had a great influence on everyones life the iquisition killed "witches" etc.. And clergi had a lot of privileges.